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Amino acids

Amino acids are the basic structural building units of proteins. They form short polymer chains called peptides or longer chains called either polypeptides or proteins. The process of such formation from an mRNA template is known as translation, which is part of protein biosynthesis. Twenty amino acids are encoded by the standard genetic code and are called proteinogenic or standard amino acids. Other amino acids contained in proteins are usually formed by post-translational modification, which is modification after translation in protein synthesis. These modifications are often essential for the function or regulation of a protein; for example, the carboxylation of glutamate allows for better binding of calcium cations, and the hydroxylation of proline is critical for maintaining connective tissues and responding to oxygen starvation. Such modifications can also determine the localization of the protein, e.g., the addition of long hydrophobic groups can cause a protein to bind to a phospholipid membrane.

Intake of Amino Acids

All athletes need more protein when exercising heavily. It has been estimated that athletes requires anywhere from .09 gram to 2.0 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight a day. Since amino acids are the building blocks of protein, they are necessary for building and re-pairing muscle as well. Collectlively, they work to raise the body's nitrogen level, helping to facilitate muscle repair and accelerate post work-out recovery.

Types of Amino Acids

A reputable amino acid supplement in conjunction with a nutritionally completes diet can help to form all of the muscle one can build in a day without the problems of excess fat and or cholesterol but more important, without straining the digestion system. But one can become confused with different nutritional supplement companies offering different types of amino acid supplement. Amino acids are available in a variety of forms ranging from single to combination to free form to peptide bonded to branched chain. They can be purchased as capsules, tablets or powders. Most amino acid supplements are derived from egg, animal or yeast protein. Most company claim their amino acids are better than others, while others claim that one type of amino acid are superior to others. I would like to dispel this confusion by describing the difference between all three types of amino acids (free form, peptide bonded, and branched chain) and how each one can benefit your needs.

Amino Acids, Sports Performance and Weight Loss Supplements

Most people are interested in losing weight to look good and help protect against the development of a number of diseases, yet life extensionists know that consuming fewer calories may result in a longer life span accompanied by optimal health and wellness. While the practice of calorie restriction has its advocates, most of us find it challenging to eat less while maintaining proper nutrition. By consuming specific amino acid supplements, weight loss supplements, and/or other dietary supplements targeted to reducing excess body fat, men and women find it easier to meet their dieting goals. Life Extension suggests consulting with your physician before embarking upon a weight loss and exercise regimen, and recommends the use of nutritional supplements to compensate for any reduction in essential nutrients that may occur as a result of your program.